Contents
2. Health hazards due to chemical exposure
2.1 Definitions
2.2 Factors
contributing to hazardous situations
2.2.1 Routes of entry
2.2.2 Concentration and type
of exposure
2.2.3 Combined effects of chemicals
2.2.4 Hypersusceptible groups
2.3 The toxic effects of chemicals
2.3.1 Irritation
2.3.2 Allergy
2.3.3 Lack of oxygen (asphyxiation)
2.3.4 Narcosis and anaesthesia
2.3.5 Systemic poisoning
2.3.6 Cancer
2.3.7 Damage to the
unborn foetus
2.3.8 Genetic
effects on future generations
2.3.9 Dusty lung
3.1.1 Liquid flashpoints
3.1.2 Solids
3.1.3 Gases
3.2.1 Electrical current
3.2.2 Static electricity
3.2.3 Spontaneous combustion
3.2.4 A mixture of two chemicals
3.2.5 Friction
3.2.6 Radiant heat
3.2.7 Open flames
4. Basic principles of prevention
4.1 Four principles of operational control
4.1.1 Elimination or substitution
4.1.2
Putting distance or shielding between
the substance and the worker
4.1.3 Ventilation
4.1.4 Personal protective equipment
4.1.5 Personal hygiene
4.2.1 Identification
4.2.2 Labeling
4.2.3 Chemical safety data sheets
4.2.4 Safe storage
4.2.5 Procedures for safe transfer
4.2.6 Safe handling and use
4.2.7 Housekeeping
4.2.8 Disposal routines
4.2.9 Monitoring of exposure
4.2.10 Medical surveillance
4.2.11 Record-keeping
4.2.12 Training and education
5. Chemical emergency procedures
5.4.1 The organization
of a first-aid service
5.4.2
First aid for persons who come into contact
with chemicals
5.4.3 Role of poison
information centres
5.5.1 The pre-fire plan
5.5.2 The
organization of in-plant fire-fighting services
5.5.3 Automatic fire protection
5.5.4 Selection of extinguishers
5.5.5 The decision to fight fire
6. Management of a chemical control programme
6.2.1 Cooperation at the workplace
6.2.2 Inventory of chemicals
6.2.3 Purchasing procedure
6.2.4
Receipt, identification, classification and labeling
6.2.5
Day-to-day management of chemicals: Control
measures